转载请注明出处：http://blog.csdn.net/l1028386804/article/details/78265463
一、查找并分析问题
最近，内网服务器更换了主板，总是会出现下面这样的问题：过段时间服务器就会莫名奇妙的连不上了，排除是内部网络的问题，网上有些文章说是：声卡、网卡、Hyper-Threading(超线程)技术的问题，在BIOS中将其关闭即可。但是，我尝试了还是不行，关键是网卡不能关闭呀，关闭了网卡还怎么联网啊。真的有点蛋疼。
经过大半天的折腾，突然想起了一个问题：不是更换了主板吗？会不会是更换了主板之后，主板的网卡驱动和CentOS 6.5系统的不一致导致的呢，于是在命令行中输入如下命令：
lspci -v结果如下：
[root@localhost ~]# lspci -v
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 4th Gen Core Processor DRAM Controller (rev 06)
Subsystem: Intel Corporation 4th Gen Core Processor DRAM Controller
Flags: bus master,fast devsel,latency 0
Capabilities: [e0] vendor Specific information: Len=0c <?>
Kernel driver in use: hsw_uncore
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 06) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller])
Subsystem: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller
Flags: bus master,latency 0,IRQ 32
Memory at f7800000 (64-bit,non-prefetchable) [size=4M]
Memory at e0000000 (64-bit,prefetchable) [size=256M]
I/O ports at f000 [size=64]
Expansion ROM at <unassigned> [disabled]
Capabilities: [90] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-
Capabilities: [d0] Power Management version 2
Capabilities: [a4] PCI Advanced Features
Kernel driver in use: i915
Kernel modules: i915
00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB xHCI (rev 05) (prog-if 30 [XHCI])
Subsystem: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB xHCI
Flags: bus master,medium devsel,IRQ 33
Memory at f7c00000 (64-bit,non-prefetchable) [size=64K]
Capabilities: [70] Power Management version 2
Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/8 Maskable- 64bit+
Kernel driver in use: xhci_hcd
Kernel modules: xhci-hcd
00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 (rev 04)
Subsystem: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1
Flags: bus master,IRQ 11
Memory at f7c17000 (64-bit,non-prefetchable) [size=16]
Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [8c] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
00:16.3 Serial controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family KT Controller (rev 04) (prog-if 02 [16550])
Subsystem: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family KT Controller
Flags: bus master,66MHz,IRQ 19
I/O ports at f0c0 [size=8]
Memory at f7c15000 (32-bit,non-prefetchable) [size=4K]
Capabilities: [c8] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [d0] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
Kernel driver in use: serial
00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB EHCI #2 (rev 05) (prog-if 20 [EHCI])
Subsystem: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB EHCI #2
Flags: bus master,IRQ 16
Memory at f7c14000 (32-bit,non-prefetchable) [size=1K]
Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 2
Capabilities: [58] Debug port: BAR=1 offset=00a0
Capabilities: [98] PCI Advanced Features
Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #1 (rev d5) (prog-if 00 [normal decode])
Flags: bus master,latency 0
Bus: primary=00,secondary=01,subordinate=02,sec-latency=0
Capabilities: [40] Express Root Port (Slot+),MSI 00
Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-
Capabilities: [90] Subsystem: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #1
Capabilities: [a0] Power Management version 3
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
Kernel modules: shpchp
00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #3 (rev d5) (prog-if 00 [normal decode])
Flags: bus master,secondary=03,subordinate=03,sec-latency=0
I/O behind bridge: 0000e000-0000efff
Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000f0000000-00000000f00fffff
Capabilities: [40] Express Root Port (Slot+),MSI 00
Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-
Capabilities: [90] Subsystem: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #3
Capabilities: [a0] Power Management version 3
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
Kernel modules: shpchp
00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB EHCI #1 (rev 05) (prog-if 20 [EHCI])
Subsystem: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB EHCI #1
Flags: bus master,IRQ 23
Memory at f7c13000 (32-bit,non-prefetchable) [size=1K]
Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 2
Capabilities: [58] Debug port: BAR=1 offset=00a0
Capabilities: [98] PCI Advanced Features
Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation B85 Express LPC Controller (rev 05)
Subsystem: Intel Corporation B85 Express LPC Controller
Flags: bus master,latency 0
Capabilities: [e0] vendor Specific information: Len=0c <?>
Kernel driver in use: lpc_ich
Kernel modules: lpc_ich
00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family 6-port SATA Controller 1 [AHCI mode] (rev 05) (prog-if 01 [AHCI 1.0])
Subsystem: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family 6-port SATA Controller 1 [AHCI mode]
Flags: bus master,IRQ 34
I/O ports at f0b0 [size=8]
I/O ports at f0a0 [size=4]
I/O ports at f090 [size=8]
I/O ports at f080 [size=4]
I/O ports at f060 [size=32]
Memory at f7c12000 (32-bit,non-prefetchable) [size=2K]
Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-
Capabilities: [70] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [a8] SATA HBA v1.0
Kernel driver in use: ahci
Kernel modules: ahci
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller (rev 05)
Subsystem: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller
Flags: medium devsel,IRQ 18
Memory at f7c11000 (64-bit,non-prefetchable) [size=256]
I/O ports at f040 [size=32]
Kernel modules: i2c-i801
01:00.0 PCI bridge: Integrated Technology Express,Inc. Device 8893 (rev 30) (prog-if 00 [normal decode])
Flags: bus master,latency 0
Bus: primary=01,secondary=02,sec-latency=32
Capabilities: [70] #00 [0000]
Kernel modules: shpchp
03:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co.,Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 07)
Subsystem: Realtek Semiconductor Co.,Ltd. Device 0123
Flags: bus master,IRQ 35
I/O ports at e000 [size=256]
Memory at f0004000 (64-bit,prefetchable) [size=4K]
Memory at f0000000 (64-bit,prefetchable) [size=16K]
Capabilities: [40] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
Capabilities: [70] Express Endpoint,MSI 01
Capabilities: [b0] MSI-X: Enable- Count=4 Masked-
Capabilities: [d0] Vital Product Data
Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting
Capabilities: [140] Virtual Channel
Capabilities: [160] Device Serial Number 00-00-00-00-68-4c-e0-00
Kernel driver in use: r8169
Kernel modules: r8169其中
03:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co.,Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 07)
.........
Kernel driver in use: r8169
Kernel modules: r8169对比可以看出，主板的网卡型号为RTL8111/8168/8411， 但是系统加载的网卡型号却是r8169。
哈哈终于找到问题了，真TM爽！
二、解决问题
找到了问题，那么接下来就是解决问题了。
1、升级内核
检查是否已经安装kernel-devel， gcc
# rpm -q kernel-devel # rpm -q gcc如果没有安装，使用yum安装
# yum install gcc # yum install kernel kernel-devel kernel-headers
2、下载RTL8111/8168B PCI EXPRESS 网卡驱动
百度搜索 RTL8111/8168B PCI EXPRESS 网卡驱动 下载，保存，也可以到链接http://download.csdn.net/download/l1028386804/10026716下载，这里我下载的包是：r8168-8.037.00.tar.bz2
3、解压安装
tar -jxvf r8168-8.037.00.tar.bz2 或者 tar jxvf r8168-8.037.00.tar.bz2切换到r8168-8.037.00目录下，目录结构如下：
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 1891 Nov 24 2011 autorun.sh -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2851 Oct 17 19:47 log.txt -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1817 May 30 2013 Makefile -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 4072 Jan 13 2010 README drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Oct 17 19:47 src这个驱动程序做的非常的好，除了驱动程序写好之外，还给我们写好Makefile、提供方便的脚本帮我们编译、打包、修改启动内核文件，卸载旧驱动、添加新驱动，详细信息可以查看README文件中的说明。
对于这个驱动程序文件我们只要执行下面的命令就可以：
./autorun.sh
三、问题又来了
1、make: *** /lib/modules/2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64/build/: No such file or directory. Stop.
开始运行./autorun.sh脚本的时候报出：
make: *** /lib/modules/2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64/build/: No such file or directory. Stop.解决方案参考：博文《 CentOS之——make: *** /lib/modules/2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64/build/: No such file or directory. Stop.》
2、error implicit declaration of function 'vlan_tx_tag_present' error implicit declaration of function 'vlan_tx_tag_get'
解决了上面的问题又报出了如下问题：
error implicit declaration of function 'vlan_tx_tag_present' error implicit declaration of function 'vlan_tx_tag_get'经过一番努力，得知：
原来是内核更新后，函数vlan_tx_tag_present改名成了skb_vlan_tag_present，函数vlan_tx_tag_get改名成了skb_vlan_tag_get
，所以这里需要在r8168_n.c文件中添加两个宏，如下所示：
#define vlan_tx_tag_get skb_vlan_tag_get #define vlan_tx_tag_present skb_vlan_tag_present
四、问题解决
再次运行./autorun.sh脚本
结果如下：
./autorun.sh Check old driver and unload it. rmmod r8169 Build the module and install Backup r8169.ko rename r8169.ko to r8169.bak DEPMOD 2.6.32-696.13.2.el6.x86_64 load module r8168 Completed.没有报任何错误
五、验证网卡
输入命令
lspci -v输出的结果为：
[root@localhost kernels]# lspci -v
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 4th Gen Core Processor DRAM Controller (rev 06)
Subsystem: Intel Corporation 4th Gen Core Processor DRAM Controller
Flags: bus master,MSI 01
Capabilities: [b0] MSI-X: Enable- Count=4 Masked-
Capabilities: [d0] Vital Product Data
Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting
Capabilities: [140] Virtual Channel
Capabilities: [160] Device Serial Number 00-00-00-00-68-4c-e0-00
Kernel driver in use: r8168
Kernel modules: r8168对比结果得出：
03:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co.,Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 07)
.........
Kernel driver in use: r8168
Kernel modules: r8168可知，主板网卡与系统加载网卡型号一致，问题解决。