CentOS6下基于tengine搭建mp4/flv流媒体服务器(可随意拖动)并支持RTMP/HLS协议(含转码工具)

服务器版本CentOS6.5

Tengine是由淘宝网发起的Web服务器项目。它在Nginx的基础上，针对大访问量网站的需求，添加了很多高级功能和特性。Tengine的性能和稳定性已经在大型的网站如淘宝网，天猫商城等得到了很好的检验。它的最终目标是打造一个高效、稳定、安全、易用的Web平台。

下载地址http://tengine.taobao.org/

1先添加几个RPM下载源

1.1)安装RPMforge的CentOS6源
[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# wget -chttp://pkgs.repoforge.org/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.5.3-1.el6.rf.x86_64.rpm
[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# rpm �importhttp://apt.sw.be/RPM-GPG-KEY.dag.txt
[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# rpm -i rpmforge-release-0.5.3-1.el6.rf.*.rpm

1.2)安装epel源
http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# rpm -Uvf epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm

安装完成，查看一下源列表，看到rpmforge和epel字样即可
[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# ls -lh /etc/yum.repos.d

2.安装转码工具Mencoder及ffmpeg(约定：每个小点操作之前先回到用户主目录，即cd ~)

2.1)安装一些基础包，不用担心重复，已经存在的会自动忽略或升级
[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# yum install gcc make automake bzip2 unzip patch subversion libjpeg-devel
[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# wgethttp://www.tortall.net/projects/yasm/releases/yasm-1.2.0.tar.gz
[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# tar zxvf yasm-1.2.0.tar.gz
[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# cd yasm-1.2.0
[root@AY130611215205Z yasm-1.2.0]# ./configure
[root@AY130611215205Z yasm-1.2.0]# make && make install
[root@AY130611215205Z yasm-1.2.0]# cd ~

[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# yum remove ffmpeg x264

2.3)先安装一些Mplayer编码库(仅限于64位系统)

http://www2.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/releases/codecs/essential-amd64-20071007.tar.bz2

[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# tar xvjf essential-amd64-20071007.tar.bz2
[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# mkdir /usr/local/lib/codecs
[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# cp -Rvp essential-amd64-20071007/* /usr/local/lib/codecs/

[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# vim /etc/ld.so.conf
添加以下两行到上面的文件里
/usr/lib
/usr/local/lib

2.4)再安装一些格式转换常用的编码库
[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# yum install faac-devel lame-devel amrnb-devel opencore-amr-devel amrwb-devel libvorbis-devel libtheora-devel xvidcore-devel

2.5)安装x.264
[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# wgetftp://ftp.videolan.org/pub/videolan/x264/snapshots/last_stable_x264.tar.bz2
[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# tar xvjf last_stable_x264.tar.bz2
[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# cd x264-snapshot-20140219-2245-stable/ （这可能日期有区别，自己ls一下）
[root@AY130611215205Z x264-snapshot-20140219-2245-stable]# ./configure --enable-shared --enable-pic
[root@AY130611215205Z x264-snapshot-20140219-2245-stable]# make && make install
[root@AY130611215205Z x264-snapshot-20140219-2245-stable]# cd ~

2.6)安装libvpx
http://webm.googlecode.com/files/libvpx-v1.2.0.tar.bz2
[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# tar xvjf libvpx-v1.2.0.tar.bz2
[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# cd libvpx-v1.2.0
[root@AY130611215205Z libvpx-v1.2.0]# ./configure --enable-shared --enable-pic
[root@AY130611215205Z libvpx-v1.2.0]# make && make install
[root@AY130611215205Z libvpx-v1.2.0]# cd ~

2.7)安装FFmpeg
http://ffmpeg.org/releases/ffmpeg-2.0.1.tar.bz2
[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# tar xvjf ffmpeg-2.0.1.tar.bz2
[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# cd ffmpeg-2.0.1
[root@AY130611215205Z ffmpeg-2.0.1]# ./configure �enable-gpl �enable-version3 �enable-shared �enable-nonfree �enable-postproc �enable-libfaac �enable-libmp3lame �enable-libopencore-amrnb �enable-libopencore-amrwb �enable-libtheora �enable-libvorbis �enable-libvpx �enable-libx264 �enable-libxvid
[root@AY130611215205Z ffmpeg-2.0.1]# make && make install
[root@AY130611215205Z ffmpeg-2.0.1]# cd ~

让动态链接库被系统共享
[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# ldconfig

2.8)最后安装mencoder
[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# yum install mplayer mencoder flvtool2

查看一下已经安装好的音频和视频编码器
查看所有所支持的音频编码
[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# mencoder -oac help
查看所有所支持的视频编码
[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# mencoder -ovc help
具体结果可参考http://www.mplayerhq.hu/DOCS/HTML/zh_CN/menc-feat-selecting-codec.html

3.安装配置Tengine(Nginx)

3.1)先安装各种依赖(Nginx需要pcre支持,yamdi用来为flv创建关键帧才能随意拖动)
[root@AY130611215205Z ffmpeg-2.0.1]# yum install gcc gcc-c++ openssl-devel zlib-devel pcre pcre-devel yamdi
3.2)下载所需的Nginx模块
第一个是Nginx_mod_h264_streaming，让Nginx支持flv/mp4流播放
http://h264.code-shop.com/download/Nginx_mod_h264_streaming-2.2.7.tar.gz
[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# tar zxvf Nginx_mod_h264_streaming-2.2.7.tar.gz
注意：先要修改一下这家伙的源码，注释掉Nginx_mod_h264_streaming-2.2.7/src/ngx_http_streaming_module.c的158到161行
/* Todo: Win32 */
//if (r->zero_in_uri)
// {
// return NGX_DECLINED;
// }

第二个是Nginx-rtmp-module，让Nginx支持rtmp/hls协议
[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# wget -O Nginx-rtmp-module.ziphttps://github.com/arut/Nginx-rtmp-module/archive/master.zip
[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# unzip Nginx-rtmp-module.zip
下载清缓存的模块
[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# wget -O ngx_cache_purge.zip https://github.com/FRiCKLE/ngx_cache_purge/archive/master.zip
[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# unzip ngx_cache_purge.zip

3.3)安装tengine(Nginx)

tar zxvf tengine-2.1.2.tar.gz

cd tengine-2.1.2

./configure --user=daemon --group=daemon --prefix=/usr/local/tengine --add-module=../Nginx-rtmp-module-master --add-module=../ngx_cache_purge-master --add-module=../Nginx_mod_h264_streaming-2.2.7 --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_flv_module

make && make install

/**―――以下是安装了Tengine后重新编译的代码，模块的路径自己对一下―――**//
./configure �user=www �group=www �prefix=/usr/local/tengine/ �add-module=../../../Nginx-rtmp-module-master �add-module=../../../ngx_cache_purge-master �add-module=../../../Nginx_mod_h264_streaming-2.2.7 �with-http_stub_status_module �with-http_ssl_module �with-http_sub_module �with-http_gzip_static_module �with-http_flv_module �with-http_concat_module=shared �with-http_sysguard_module=shared �with-google_perftools_module �with-http_image_filter_module
运行一下Nginx
[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# /usr/local/tengine/sbin/Nginx
然后用浏览器你的服务器IP，看到welcome就对了
或者到Nginx的sbin目录下，运行一下Nginx -V，看看列表出来的modules对不对

3.4)各种配置Nginx
编辑/usr/local/tengine/conf/Nginx.conf文件.
贴一下配置文件
―――――――――――――――――――――――Nginx配置文件―――――――――――――――――
#filename:Nginx.conf
#user nobody;
worker_processes 1;

error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;

pid logs/Nginx.pid;

events {
use epoll;
worker_connections 1024;
}

rtmp {
server {
listen 1935;
chunk_size 4000;

# video on demand
application vod {
play /mnt/media/vod;
# HLS
# HLS requires libavformat & should be configured as a separate
# Nginx module in addition to Nginx-rtmp-module:
# ./configure … �add-module=/path/to/Nginx-rtmp-module/hls …
# For HLS to work please create a directory in tmpfs (/tmp/app here)
# for the fragments. The directory contents is served via HTTP (see
# http{} section in config)
#
# Incoming stream must be in H264/AAC/MP3. For iPhones use baseline H264
# profile (see ffmpeg example).
# This example creates RTMP stream from movie ready for HLS:
# ffmpeg -loglevel verbose -re -i movie.avi -vcodec libx264
# -vprofile baseline -acodec libmp3lame -ar 44100 -ac 1
# -f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/hls/movie
# If you need to transcode live stream use ‘exec’ feature.
application hls {
hls on;
hls_path /mnt/media/app;
hls_fragment 10s;
}
http {

include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
gzip on;

#log format

log_format access ‘$remote_addr � $remote_user [$time_local] “$request” ‘
‘$status $body_bytes_sent “$http_referer” ‘
‘”$http_user_agent” $http_x_forwarded_for’;
#定义一个名为addr的limit_zone,大小10M内存来存储session
limit_conn_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=addr:10m;

listen 8080;
server_name localhost;

# HTTP can be used for accessing RTMP stats
# This URL provides RTMP statistics in XML
location /stat {
rtmp_stat all;
rtmp_stat_stylesheet stat.xsl;
location /stat.xsl {
root /mnt/soft/Nginx-rtmp-module-master;
location /control {
rtmp_control all;
location / {
root /mnt/soft/Nginx-rtmp-module-master/test/rtmp-publisher;
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
root /mnt/wwwroot;
index index.html;
location ~ \.flv$ {
root /mnt/media/vod;
flv;
limit_conn addr 20;
limit_rate 200k;
location ~ \.mp4$ {
mp4;
location /hls {
# Serve HLS fragments
alias /mnt/media/app;
access_log logs/Nginxflv_access.log access;
}
――――――――――――――――――Nginx配置文件――――――――――――――

4.把自己的电影转换成mp4和flv格式来测试Nginx搭的环境

4.1)准备部电影，硬盘上随便找，
把电影重命名为 movie1.mp4并上传到服务器/opt/media/video下面，这里目录用来存放我们的原始视频。还有一个目录是/opt/media/vod 用来存放转换后的视频。
我这里的具体目录结构为:
/opt/media/video -> 存放原始视频
/opt/media/app -> 存放转成m3u8的视频,供http访问(HLS)
/opt/media/vod -> 存放转换后的flv和mp4视频,供http或rtmp访问

4.2)用ffmpeg转换mp4文件(ffmpeg不支持rmvb)
[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# cd /opt/media/video/
[root@AY130611215205Z video]#ffmpeg -i movie1.mp4 -y -vcodec libx264 -vf scale="640:-1" -r 15 -acodec libfaac ../vod/movie1.flv

-y:文件覆盖，-vf scale=”640:-1”:尺寸调整为宽度640高度自动，-r 15:帧数15fps，这里用libfaac音频编码防止转成ts格式时iPhone没有声音

添加关键帧用来支持拖动播放
[root@AY130611215205Z video]# cd ../vod
[root@AY130611215205Z vod]# mv movie1.flv movie1-src.flv
[root@AY130611215205Z vod]# yamdi -i movie1-src.flv -o movie1.flv
[root@AY130611215205Z vod]# rm -rf movie1-src.flv

4.3)用mencoder转换rmvb文件
4.4)把flv转换成hls的m3u8
下载安装segmenter

yum install -y curl curl-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel perl perl-devel cpio expat-devel gettext-devel git

[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# git clonehttps://github.com/johnf/m3u8-segmenter.git
[root@AY130611215205Z ~]# cd m3u8-segmenter/
[root@AY130611215205Z m3u8-segmenter]# gcc -Wall -g m3u8-segmenter.c -o segmenter -lavformat
[root@AY130611215205Z m3u8-segmenter]# cp segmenter /usr/bin/

转换成ts，片源大小及清晰度等取决于flv文件，所以转成flv的时候一定要统一起来
[root@AY130611215205Z vod]# cd /mnt/media/vod
[root@AY130611215205Z vod]# mkdir /mnt/media/app/movie1/
[root@AY130611215205Z vod]#ffmpeg -y -i movie1.flv -f mpegts -c:v copy -c:a copy -vbsf h264_mp4toannexb /mnt/media/app/movie1/main.ts

切片
[root@AY130611215205Z movie1]# cd /mnt/media/app/movie1/
[root@AY130611215205Z movie1]# segmenter -i main.ts -d 10 -p movie1 -m movie1.m3u8 -uhttp://121.199.47.208/hls/movie1/
-d 10：每个切片为10秒，-p movie1：切片的名字的前缀
-u URL地址：m3u8中播放列表的地址前缀，自己cat一下生成的movie1.m3u8就知道什么用 了

测试一下，用iPhone的Safari访问一下http://121.199.47.208/hls/movie1/movie1.m3u8