我知道以前已经回答过了,但我仍然感到困惑(这不完全是我的错,因为我注意到答案可以根本不同).
我来自Java背景,所以如果你可以定义任何东西作为静态,私人,公共等等,那么应该帮助我理解.
基本上我想做一个完全自定义的类,但不确定原型/等等.
示例(使用一种功能类型)：
function myClass()
{
var a;
var b;
var helper = function()
{
this.a += this.b;
}
var helper2 = function(a,b)
{
return(a + b);
}
var getA = function()
{
return(this.a);
{
var staticmethodThatNeedsToBePublic = function()
{}
}
var myInstance = new myClass();
myClass.prototype.example1 = function(){};
myClass.example2 = function(){};
那么这实际上应该如何写？ (我试图包含所有的基本功能类型,但是如果我错过了任何随意添加的话)[注意：我不是特别关心这个具体的例子,我只是认为这可能有助于对话,但随意只是回答我的一般问题]
解决方法
简单的回答你的问题：使用原型.始终使用原型.
主要区别在于,如果使用this.foo = function(){}附加函数,该函数将为该类的每个实例重新声明.使用func.prototype.foo = function(){}附加意味着该函数只能被声明一次,并且该属性在调用它应该引用的类的实例时被更改.
你的代码变成：
function myClass(){
// constructor
}
myClass.prototype = new superClass();
myClass.constructor = myClass;
myClass.prototype = {
helper : function(){},helper2 : function(){}
};
var myInstance = new myClass();
如何添加方法的完整列表从大约5年前写的文章中的一个类的属性：
http://www.htmlgoodies.com/primers/jsp/article.php/3600451/Javascript-Basics-Part-8.htm
function Cat(name,color){
/*
Constructor: any code in here is run when the object is created
*/
Cat.cats++;
/*
Private variables and functions - may only be accessed by private or privileged functions.
Note that 'name' and 'color',passed into the Class,are already private variables.
*/
var age = 0;
var legs = 4;
function growOlder(){
age++;
}
/*
Public variables - may be accessed publicly or privately
*/
this.weight = 1;
this.length = 5;
/*
Privileged functions - may be accessed publicly or privately
May access Private variables.
Can NOT be changed,only replaced with public versions
*/
this.age = function(){
if(age==0) this.length+=20;
growOlder();
this.weight++;
}
}
/*
Prototyped Functions - may be accessed publicly
*/
Cat.prototype = {
talk: function(){ alert('Meow!'); },callover: function(){ alert(this.name+' ignores you'); },pet: function(){ alert('Pet!'); }
}
/*
Prototyped Variables - may be accessed publicly.
May not be overridden,only replaced with a public version
*/
Cat.prototype.species = 'Cat';
/*
Static variables and functions - may be accessed publicly
*/
Cat.cats = 0;