在MySQL官网上下载最新版的UbuntuLinux专用的MysqL。我这里下载的是：

MysqL-server_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb-bundle.tar

也可从以下mirrors下载：

http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.7/

解压文件 命令为：

root@ubuntu:/fly/MysqL# tar -xvf ../MysqL-server_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb-bundle.tar -C ./

解压开来后，一共有11个deb包，用sudo dpkg -i [包名]命令逐个安装，因为包与包中间存在依赖关系，这里安装有个先后顺序。

-rw-r--r--  1 7155 31415    841472 Nov 28 05:50 libMysqLclient20_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb
-rw-r--r--  1 7155 31415   1189512 Nov 28 05:50 libMysqLclient-dev_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb
-rw-r--r--  1 7155 31415  17383814 Nov 28 05:50 libMysqLd-dev_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb
-rw-r--r--  1 7155 31415     12644 Nov 28 05:50 MysqL-client_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb
-rw-r--r--  1 7155 31415     71282 Nov 28 05:50 MysqL-common_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb
-rw-r--r--  1 7155 31415      6815 Nov 28 05:50 MysqL-community_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.changes
-rw-r--r--  1 7155 31415   7357222 Nov 28 05:50 MysqL-community-client_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb
-rw-r--r--  1 7155 31415  24698654 Nov 28 05:50 MysqL-community-server_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb
-rw-r--r--  1 7155 31415 133305884 Nov 28 05:50 MysqL-community-source_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb
-rw-r--r--  1 7155 31415  23384678 Nov 28 05:50 MysqL-community-test_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb
-rw-r--r--  1 7155 31415     12636 Nov 28 05:50 MysqL-server_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb
-rw-r--r--  1 7155 31415     12652 Nov 28 05:50 MysqL-testsuite_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb

我的安装的顺序是：
1.MysqL-common_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb
2.libMysqLclient20_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb
3.libMysqLclient-dev_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb
4.libMysqLd-dev_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb

5.MysqL-community-client_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb
6.MysqL-client_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb
7.MysqL-community-source_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb

这里需要再安装一个依赖包叫libmecab2,安装好后，继续安装最后一个：
8.MysqL-community-server_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb
安装过程中需要设置 数据库 密码。
到这里，所有的已经安装完毕。输入MysqL -u root -p可以登陆数据库了。

root@ubuntu:/fly/MysqL# dpkg -i MysqL-common_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb 
dpkg: warning: downgrading MysqL-common from 5.7.17-1ubuntu16.10 to 5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04
(Reading database ... 212644 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack MysqL-common_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking MysqL-common (5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04) over (5.7.17-1ubuntu16.10) ...
Setting up MysqL-common (5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04) ...
root@ubuntu:/fly/MysqL# dpkg -i libMysqLclient20_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb 
dpkg: warning: downgrading libMysqLclient20:amd64 from 5.7.17-1ubuntu16.10 to 5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04
(Reading database ... 212644 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack libMysqLclient20_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libMysqLclient20:amd64 (5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04) over (5.7.17-1ubuntu16.10) ...
Setting up libMysqLclient20:amd64 (5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.23-0ubuntu5) ...
root@ubuntu:/fly/MysqL# dpkg -i libMysqLclient-dev_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb 
dpkg: warning: downgrading libMysqLclient-dev from 5.7.17-1ubuntu16.10 to 5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04
(Reading database ... 212644 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack libMysqLclient-dev_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libMysqLclient-dev (5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04) over (5.7.17-1ubuntu16.10) ...
Setting up libMysqLclient-dev (5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.5-1) ...
root@ubuntu:/fly/MysqL# dpkg -i libMysqLd-dev_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb 
dpkg: warning: downgrading libMysqLd-dev from 5.7.17-1ubuntu16.10 to 5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04
(Reading database ... 212644 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack libMysqLd-dev_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libMysqLd-dev (5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04) over (5.7.17-1ubuntu16.10) ...
Setting up libMysqLd-dev (5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04) ...
root@ubuntu:/fly/MysqL# dpkg -i MysqL-community-client_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb 
dpkg: warning: downgrading MysqL-community-client from 5.7.17-1ubuntu16.10 to 5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04
(Reading database ... 212644 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack MysqL-community-client_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking MysqL-community-client (5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04) over (5.7.17-1ubuntu16.10) ...
Setting up MysqL-community-client (5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.5-1) ...
root@ubuntu:/fly/MysqL# dpkg -i MysqL-client_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb 
dpkg: warning: downgrading MysqL-client from 5.7.17-1ubuntu16.10 to 5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04
(Reading database ... 212644 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack MysqL-client_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking MysqL-client (5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04) over (5.7.17-1ubuntu16.10) ...
Setting up MysqL-client (5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04) ...
root@ubuntu:/fly/MysqL# dpkg -i MysqL-community-source_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb 
dpkg: warning: downgrading MysqL-community-source from 5.7.17-1ubuntu16.10 to 5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04
(Reading database ... 212644 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack MysqL-community-source_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking MysqL-community-source (5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04) over (5.7.17-1ubuntu16.10) ...
Setting up MysqL-community-source (5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04) ...
root@ubuntu:/fly/MysqL# dpkg -i MysqL-community-server_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb 
Selecting prevIoUsly unselected package MysqL-community-server.
(Reading database ... 212644 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack MysqL-community-server_5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking MysqL-community-server (5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04) ...
Setting up MysqL-community-server (5.7.17-1ubuntu16.04) ...
update-alternatives: using /etc/MysqL/MysqL.cnf to provide /etc/MysqL/my.cnf (my.cnf) in auto mode
Processing triggers for systemd (229-4ubuntu13) ...
Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-19) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.5-1) ...
root@ubuntu:/fly/MysqL# MysqL -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MysqL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MysqL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.17 MysqL Community Server (GPL)

copyright (c) 2000,2016,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered Trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be Trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MysqL>

MysqL简单安装方式：

1. sudo apt-get install MysqL-server

2. apt-get isntall MysqL-client

3. sudo apt-get install libMysqLclient-dev

安装过程中会提示设置密码什么的，注意设置了不要忘了，安装完成之后可以使用如下命令来检查是否安装成功：

sudo netstat -tap | grep MysqL

通过上述命令检查之后，如果看到有MysqL 的socket处于 listen 状态则表示安装成功。

登陆MysqL数据库可以通过如下命令：

MysqL -u root -p

-u 表示选择登陆的用户名， -p 表示登陆的用户密码，上面命令输入之后会提示输入密码，此时输入密码就可以登录到MysqL。

然后通过 show databases; 就可以查看当前的数据库。

我们选择 MysqL数据库就行下一步操作，使用use MysqL 命令，显示当前数据库的表单：show tables

mysql下如何执行sql脚本

MysqL> create database mydatabase;
Query OK,1 row affected (0.00 sec)

MysqL> use mydatabase;
Database changed
MysqL> source ./MysqL.sql
Query OK,0 rows affected,1 warning (0.00 sec)

Query OK,0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK,0 rows affected (0.33 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

Query OK,0 rows affected (0.04 sec)

Query OK,0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MysqL> show tables;

dpkg安装出现的问题：

安装MysqL server时产生软件依赖问题：
MysqL-community-server depends on apparmor; however:
Package apparmor is not installed.
MysqL-community-server depends on libmecab2 (>= 0.996-1.2ubuntu1); however:
Package libmecab2 is not installed.
那就先安装上：
sudo apt -get install libmecab2
然后MysqL-community-server，MysqL-server就能正常使用了

在ubuntu下安装任何软件都提示以下错误：

You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
kate : Depends: kdelibs4c2a (>= 4:3.5.9) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libqt3-mt (>= 3:3.3.8b) but it is not going to be installed
Recommends: kregexpeditor but it is not installable
kscope : Depends: kdelibs4c2a (>= 4:3.5.7-1) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libaudio2 but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libqt3-mt (>= 3:3.3.8really3.3.7) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: cscope but it is not going to be installed
Depends: exuberant-ctags but it is not going to be installed
Depends: graphviz but it is not going to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).

解决方法：

删除提示的kate和kscope两个未完全安装的软件。

$sudo dpkg --purgekate

$sudo dpkg --purge kscope