本文转自:https://my.oschina.net/lxrm/blog/542706
最近切换到很久不用的centos还略有不适应，默认yum只能安装MysqL 5.1，需要升级又不想编译。于是有了此文。
具体文档地址：
1.http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql-repo-excerpt/5.6/en/linux-installation-yum-repo.html
2. http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql-yum-repo-quick-guide/en/下面是我取其中的部分，完成安装MysqL 5.6 的过程
1. 查看系统里面有没有MysqL 的repo
#yumrepolistall|grepMysqL
#
2. 如果没有发现，则需要配置repo
注意，如果要使用5.7 或者其他任何版本，只能有一个是enabled=1的，其他的都得enabled=0。
#vim/etc/yum.repos.d/MysqL-community.repo
#EnabletouseMysqL5.6
[MysqL56-community]
name=MysqL5.6CommunityServer
baseurl=http://repo.MysqL.com/yum/MysqL-5.6-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=
3. 再看看是否存在MysqL的repo
#yumrepolistenabled|grepMysqL
MysqL56-communityMysqL5.6CommunityServer214
ok，说明已经有了，下面就可以安装MysqL5.6了
4. 注意，
可能想当然的以为是
#yuminstallMysqL56
//你只会得到
nopackageMysqL56available
实际上官方的安装命令是
#yuminstallMysqL-community-server
//但是，失败了呢
MysqL-community-server-5.6.28-2.el6.x86_64.rpm|53MB00:10
warning:rpmts_HdrFromFdno:HeaderV3DSA/SHA1Signature,keyID5072e1f5:NOKEY
Retrievingkeyfromfile:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-MysqL
获取GPG密钥失败：[Errno14]Couldnotopen/readfile:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-MysqL
5.失败乃成功的妈妈
从错误提示看：需要验证 GnuPG 签名，还好可以手动，毛主席说，自己动手丰衣足食嘛。
当然，还有一招，我们暂且不用：
http://repo.MysqL.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/6/x86_64/MysqL-community-server-5.6.28-2.el6.x86_64.rpm
我们接下来按照错误处理过出来搞，把签名先搞起来，参考地址：http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/checking-gpg-signature.html
#vim/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-MysqL
写入如下内容
-----BEGINPGPPUBLICKEYBLOCK----- Version:GnuPGv1.4.9(SunOS)
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AcophrnJ
=443I -----ENDPGPPUBLICKEYBLOCK-----
rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM*
好的，似乎ok了。我们再来一次吧，嘿嘿
#yuminstallMysqL-community-server
经过一系列Y/N的选择，进度条漂亮的到达了终点。
至此，MysqL 5.6 成功的从yum安装了呢 :-)
启动服务，开启新的旅程吧。
四、MysqL数据库的初始化及相关配置
我们在安装完MysqL数据库以后，会发现会多出一个MysqLd的服务，这个就是咱们的数据库服务，我们通过输入service MysqLd start命令就可以启动我们的MysqL服务。
注意：如果我们是第一次启动MysqL服务，MysqL服务器首先会进行初始化的配置，如：
[root@xiaoluo ~]# service MysqLd start 初始化 MysqL 数据库： WARNING: The host 'xiaoluo' Could not be looked up with resolveip. This probably means that your libc libraries are not 100 % compatible with this binary MysqL version. The MysqL daemon,MysqLd,should work normally with the exception that host name resolving will not work. This means that you should use IP addresses instead of hostnames when specifying MysqL privileges ! Installing MysqL system tables... OK Filling help tables... OK To start MysqLd at boot time you have to copy support-files/MysqL.server to the right place for your system PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MysqL root USER ! To do so,start the server,then issue the following commands: /usr/bin/MysqLadmin -u root password new-password' /usr/bin/MysqLadmin -u root -h xiaoluo password ' Alternatively you can run: /usr/bin/MysqL_secure_installation which will also give you the option of removing the test databases and anonymous user created by default. This is strongly recommended for production servers. See the manual for more instructions. You can start the MysqL daemon with: cd /usr ; /usr/bin/MysqLd_safe & You can test the MysqL daemon with MysqL-test-run.pl cd /usr/MysqL-test ; perl MysqL-test-run.pl Please report any problems with the /usr/bin/MysqLbug script! [确定] 正在启动 MysqLd： [确定]
这时我们会看到第一次启动MysqL服务器以后会提示非常多的信息，目的就是对MysqL数据库进行初始化操作，当我们再次重新启动MysqL服务时，就不会提示这么多信息了，如：
[root@xiaoluo ~]# service MysqLd restart
停止 MysqLd： [确定]
正在启动 MysqLd： [确定]
我们在使用MysqL数据库时，都得首先启动MysqLd服务，我们可以 通过chkconfig --list | grep MysqLd命令来查看MysqL服务是不是开机自动启动，如：
[root@xiaoluo ~]# chkconfig --list | grep MysqLd MysqLd 0:关闭 1:关闭 2:关闭 3:关闭 4:关闭 5:关闭 6:关闭