java – 为什么短基元类型明显慢于long或int？

所以我使用caliper库创建了这个小测试基准.

public class BenchmarkTypes extends Benchmark {

    @Param("10") private long testLong;
    @Param("10") private int testInt;
    @Param("10") private short testShort;


    @Param("5000") private long resultLong = 5000;
    @Param("5000") private int resultInt = 5000;
    @Param("5000") private short resultShort = 5000;

    @Override
    protected void setUp() throws Exception {
        Random rand = new Random();

        testShort = (short) rand.nextInt(1000);
        testInt = (int) testShort;
        testLong = (long) testShort;
    }

    public long timeLong(int reps){
        for(int i = 0; i < reps; i++){
            resultLong += testLong;
            resultLong -= testLong;         
        }
        return resultLong;
    }

    public int timeInt(int reps){
        for(int i = 0; i < reps; i++){
            resultInt += testInt;
            resultInt -= testInt;           
        }
        return resultInt;
    }

    public short timeShort(int reps){
        for(int i = 0; i < reps; i++){
            resultShort += testShort;
            resultShort -= testShort;
        }
        return resultShort;
    }
}

测试结果让我感到惊讶.

测试环境

基准测试在Caliper库下运行.

检测结果

https://microbenchmarks.appspot.com/runs/0c9bd212-feeb-4f8f-896c-e027b85dfe3b

Int 2.365 ns

长2.436 ns

短8.156 ns

测试结论？

短基元类型比long和int基元类型慢得多(3-4~)？

题

>为什么短原语明显慢于int或long？我希望int原语类型在32位虚拟机上最快,长短在时间上相等,或者短到甚至更快.
> Android手机也是如此吗？知道Android手机通常在32位环境中运行,现在越来越多的手机开始配备64位处理器.